How to read results

Latency (ms)

The round-trip time of a packet. Within one country 5–30 ms, within Europe 20–60 ms and between continents 100 ms or more are all normal.

Packet loss

The share of packets that got no reply. Pingu sends four packets for ping, so loss shows in 25% steps. Use MTR for finer measurement.

Loss at an intermediate hop

Loss at a hop in the middle of MTR or traceroute is not enough reason to worry. Routers may rate-limit ICMP sent to them. If loss continues to the target, it is real loss.

Silent hop (* * *)

The device does not reply to this kind of packet. If later hops are visible, the path works.

Differences between locations

If one location is clearly slower, the problem is usually on the path between that location and the target, not your connection or the target itself.